People in the U.S aren’t the only ones facing brownfield and the problems that it presents. One example coming from Canada , which has an estimated 200,000 contaminated sites across the nation. According to their 2014 report, the Parliamentary Budget Officer (PBO) estimated that the “ total liability for remediation Canada’s contaminated sites reported in the public accounts [was] $4.9 billion.” This causes the federal government to exercise some control over environmental protection, the provincial and territorial governments issue the bulk of legislation regarding contaminated sites
Another example coming from countries such as United Kingdom, France and West Germany, which all have long-term experience with the problems of brownfield. “ These problems emerged in the 1970's as a result of massively declining mining, heavy industries and textiles.” In comparison,in countries such as the Czech Republic, Slovakia, East Germany, Poland or Romania, brownfield appeared in large quantities just after the collapse of socialism with the centrally planned economy and return of a market economy and the following globalization trends during the last decade of the 20th century. This is an increasing number of various projects and research platforms being supported by the European Commission or national grant systems during the last decade is quite evident in the growing interest of policymakers in matters of brownfield regeneration. |